| Preferred server name | Associated institution | |
| —————————— | —————————————————————- | |
| whois.alabanza.com | Alabanza, Inc C=US | |
| whois.compuserve.com | CompuServe Interactive Services, Inc C=US | |
| whois.discount-domain.com | interQ Inc. C=JP | |
| dns411.com | Name.Space C=US | |
| whois.domaindiscover.com | TierraNet, Inc. C=US | |
| whois.domainpeople.com | NetNation Communications Inc. C=CA | |
| whois.easyspace.com | EasySpace Ltd. C=GB | |
| whois.enom.com | eNom, Inc. C=US | |
| whois.geektools.com | CenterGate Research Group, LLC C=US | |
| whois.ibm.com | IBM C=US | |
| whois.internetnamesww.com | Melbourne IT C=AU | |
| whois.names4ever.com | A+Net Registrar C=US | |
| whois.namesecure.com | Maaznet Directory Service Inc. C=US | |
| whois.networksolutions.com | Network Solutions, Inc. C=US | |
| whois.pacbell.com | Pacific Bell C=US | |
| whois.register.com | Forman Interactive Corp C=US | |
| whois.registrars.com | Internet Domain Registrars C=US | |
| whois.sunquest.com | Sunquest Information Systems C=US | |
| whois.berkeley.edu | University of California at Berkeley C=US | |
| www.binghamton.edu | State University of New York at Binghamton C=US | |
| finger.caltech.edu | California Institute of Technology C=US | |
| csufresno.edu | California State University – Fresno C=US | |
| csuhayward.edu | California State University – Hayward C=US | |
| csus.edu | California State University – Sacramento C=US | |
| whois.cwru.edu | Case Western Reserve University C=US | |
| cc.fsu.edu | Florida State University C=US | |
| directory.gatech.edu | Georgia Institute of Technology C=US | |
| gettysburg.edu | Gettysburg College C=US | |
| gmu.edu | George Mason University C=US | |
| whois.dfci.harvard.edu | Dana-Farber Cancer Institute C=US | |
| hmc.edu | Harvey Mudd College C=US | |
| indiana.edu | Indiana University C=US | |
| nii.isi.edu | US Domain Registry C=US | |
| whois.isi.edu | .INT Whois Service C=US | |
| whois.messiah.edu | Messiah College C=US | |
| whois.rsmas.miami.edu | University of Miami, Rosentiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences C=US |
|
| mit.edu | Massachusetts Institute of Technology C=US | |
| directory.msstate.edu | Mississippi State University C=US | |
| vax2.winona.msus.edu | Minnesota State University – Winona C=US | |
| info.nau.edu | Northern Arizona University C=US | |
| whois.ncsu.edu | North Carolina State University C=US | |
| nd.edu | University of Notre Dame C=US | |
| earth.njit.edu | New Jersey Institute of Technology C=US | |
| vm1.nodak.edu | North Dakota State University C=US | |
| austin.onu.edu | Ohio Northern University C=US | |
| ph.orst.edu | Oregon State University C=US | |
| osu.edu | Ohio State University C=US | |
| whois.oxy.edu | Occidental College C=US | |
| info.psu.edu | Pennsylvania State University C=US | |
| whois.cc.rochester.edu | University of Rochester C=US | |
| whitepages.rutgers.edu | Rutgers University C=US | |
| whois.sdsu.edu | San Diego State University C=US | |
| stanford.edu | Stanford University C=US | |
| camis.stanford.edu | Stanford University C=US | |
| stjohns.edu | St. John’s University C=US | |
| sunysb.edu | State University of New York, Stony Brook C=US | |
| whois.bcm.tmc.edu | Baylor College of Medicine C=US | |
| whois.ubalt.edu | University of Baltimore C=US | |
| directory.ucdavis.edu | University of California at Davis C=US | |
| uchicago.edu | University of Chicago C=US | |
| ucsd.edu | University of California at San Diego C=US | |
| weber.ucsd.edu | University of California at San Diego, Division of Social Sciences C=US |
|
| cgl.ucsf.edu | University of California at San Francisco, School of Pharmacy C=US |
|
| whois.uh.edu | University of Houston C=US | |
| whois.umass.edu | University of Massachusetts at Amherst C=US | |
| lookup.umd.edu | University of Maryland C=US | |
| umn.edu | University of Minnesota C=US | |
| ns.unl.edu | University of Nebraska at Lincoln C=US | |
| whois.upenn.edu | University of Pennsylvania C=US | |
| x500.utexas.edu | University of Texas at Austin C=US | |
| netlib2.cs.utk.edu | na-net (linear algebra on computers) C=US | |
| whois.virginia.edu | University of Virginia C=US | |
| whois.wfu.edu | Wake Forest University C=US | |
| wisc.edu | University of Wisconsin C=US | |
| wpi.wpi.edu | Worcester Polytechnic Institute C=US | |
| ibc.wustl.edu | Washington University C=US | |
| vm1.hqadmin.doe.gov | U.S. Department of Energy Headquarters C=US | |
| wp.doe.gov | U.S. Department of Energy C=US | |
| llnl.gov | Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory C=US | |
| x500.arc.nasa.gov | NASA Ames Research Center C=US | |
| x500.gsfc.nasa.gov | NASA Goddard Space Flight Center C=US | |
| whois.hq.nasa.gov | NASA Headquarters C=US | |
| x500.ivv.nasa.gov | NASA Software Independent Verification & Validation Facility C=US | |
| whois.jpl.nasa.gov | NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory C=US | |
| x500.jsc.nasa.gov | NASA Johnson Space Center C=US | |
| larc.nasa.gov | NASA Langley Research Center C=US | |
| whois.larc.nasa.gov | NASA Langley Research Center C=US | |
| x500.msfc.nasa.gov | NASA Marshall Space Flight Center C=US | |
| x500.ssc.nasa.gov | NASA Stennis Space Center C=US | |
| x500.wstf.nasa.gov | NASA White Sands Test Facility C=US | |
| x500.nasa.gov | National Aeronautics and Space Administration C=US | |
| wp.nersc.gov | National Energy Research Supercomputer Center C=US | |
| whois.nic.gov | Center for Email Technology C=US | |
| seda.sandia.gov | Sandia National Laboratories C=US | |
| whois.nic.mil | DoD Network Information Center C=US | |
| whois.nrl.navy.mil | Naval Research Laboratory C=US | |
| whois.6bone.net | 6bone Registry C=US | |
| whois.abuse.net | Network Abuse Clearinghouse C=US | |
| whois.aco.net | Austrian Academic Computer Network C=AT | |
| whois.apnic.net | Asia Pacific Network Information Center C=SC | |
| whois.arin.net | American Registry for Internet Numbers C=US | |
| whois.aunic.net | The .AU Registry C=AU | |
| whois.awregistry.net | All West Communications C=US | |
| whois.cary.net | CARYNET & HK eDNS Whois server C=HK | |
| whois.corenic.net | CORE Internet Council of Registrars C=CH | |
| whois.crsnic.net | Network Solutions, Inc. for Shared Registration System C=US | |
| whois.cw.net | Cable & Wireless USA C=US | |
| wp.es.net | Energy Sciences Network C=US | |
| whois.hinet.net | Chunghwa Telecom C=TW | |
| ds.internic.net | Network Solutions, Inc. (non-MILNET/non-POC) C=US | |
| whois.internic.net | Network Solutions, Inc. C=US | |
| whois.ja.net | JANET C=GB | |
| whois.krnic.net | Korea Network Information Center C=KR | |
| whois.lac.net | Latin America & Caribbean Whois Server C=EC | |
| companies.mci.net | RFC 2345 TLD-WHOIS demonstration server C=US | |
| whois.nameit.net | nameIT C=US | |
| whois.netnames.net | NetNames (.AF, .BT, .PW, .TM) C=GB | |
| whois.nomination.net | NomiNation (.GB.COM, .GB.NET, .UK.COM, .UK.NET) C=GB |
|
| whois.nsiregistry.net | Network Solutions, Inc. C=US | |
| whois.oleane.net | OLEANE SA C=FR | |
| whois.opensrs.net | Open Shared Registration System C=US | |
| pcdc.net | Pacific Communications Development Corp. C=TW | |
| whois.ra.net | The Routing Arbiter Project C=US | |
| whois.ripe.net | Reseaux IP Europeens C=NL | |
| whois.ripn.net | Russian Institute for Public Networks C=RU | |
| whois.thnic.net | Thailand Network Information Center C=TH | |
| whois.twnic.net | Taiwan Network Information Center C=TW | |
| whois.dhs.org | Domain Host Services C=AU | |
| whois.morris.org | Morris Automated Information Network C=US | |
| whois.nic.ac | nic.ac C=AC | |
| whois.nic.am | AM Network Information Centre C=AM | |
| whois.nic.as | ASNIC C=AS | |
| wp.tuwien.ac.at | Technische Universitat Wien C=AT | |
| whois.risc.uni-linz.ac.at | Research Institute for Symbolic Computation, University of Linz C=AT | |
| whois.wu-wien.ac.at | Wirtschaftsuniversitaet Wien C=AT | |
| archie.au | Australian Academic and Research Network C=AU | |
| whois.connect.com.au | Connect.com.au Pty Ltd C=AU | |
| whois.adelaide.edu.au | University of Adelaide C=AU | |
| whois.monash.edu.au | Monash University C=AU | |
| uwa.edu.au | University of Western Australia C=AU | |
| sserve.cc.adfa.oz.au | University College, Australian Defense Force Academy C=AU | |
| whois.kuleuven.ac.be | Katholieke Universiteit Leuven C=BE | |
| whois.belnet.be | Belgian National Research Network C=BE | |
| whois.registro.br | registro.br C=BR | |
| whois.camosun.bc.ca | Camosun College, Victoria, B.C. C=CA | |
| whois.canet.ca | Bell Canada Internet Transit Service C=CA | |
| whois.cdnnet.ca | CDNnet C=CA | |
| whois.queensu.ca | Queen’s University, Kingston, Canada C=CA | |
| ac.nsac.ns.ca | Nova Scotia Agricultural College C=CA | |
| whois.unb.ca | University of New Brunswick C=CA | |
| panda1.uottawa.ca | University of Ottawa C=CA | |
| dvinci.usask.ca | University of Saskatchewan, Engineering C=CA | |
| whois.usask.ca | University of Saskatchewan C=CA | |
| phys.uvic.ca | University of Victoria, Physics & Astronomy C=CA | |
| whois.uwo.ca | University of Western Ontario C=CA | |
| whois.nic.cc | NIC.CC Registration Services C=CC | |
| whois.nic.ch | SWITCH Swiss Academic and Research Network C=CH | |
| whois.nic.ck | Cook Islands Network Information Centre C=CK | |
| whois.nic.cl | U. de Chile (NIC Chile) C=CL | |
| whois.cnnic.net.cn | Computer Network Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences C=CN | |
| whois.ci.ucr.ac.cr | University of Costa Rica Computer Center C=CR | |
| whois.cuni.cz | Charles University, Prague C=CZ | |
| whois.mff.cuni.cz | Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics C=CZ | |
| www.fce.vutbr.cz | Faculty of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Brno C=CZ | |
| gopher.fme.vutbr.cz | Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Brno C=CZ | |
| whois.fee.vutbr.cz | Faculty of Elec. Eng. and Computer Sci., Technical Univ. of Brno C=CZ | |
| whois.vutbr.cz | Technical University of Brno C=CZ | |
| whois.fh-koeln.de | Fachhochschule Koeln C=DE | |
| whois.fzi.de | Forschungszentrum Informatik C=DE | |
| hermes.informatik.htw-zittau.de | HTW Zittau/Goerlitz Elektrotechnik/Informatik C=DE | |
| whois.nic.de | DEutsches Network Information Center C=DE | |
| whois.th-darmstadt.de | Darmstadt University of Technology C=DE | |
| whois.tu-chemnitz.de | Technische Universitaet Chemnitz C=DE | |
| whois.uni-regensburg.de | Universitaet Regensburg C=DE | |
| whois.uni-c.dk | Danish Computing Centre for Research and Education C=DK | |
| whois.ut.ee | University of Tartu C=EE | |
| whois.eunet.es | EUnet, Goya, Spain C=ES | |
| whois.dit.upm.es | Tech. Univ. Madrid, Telecommunications Highschool C=ES | |
| cs.hut.fi | Helsinki University of Technology C=FI | |
| oulu.fi | Oulu University C=FI | |
| vtt.fi | Technical Research Centre of Finland C=FI | |
| whois.nic.fr | Association Francaise pour le Nommage Internet en Cooperation C=FR | |
| whois.nordnet.fr | NordNet C=FR | |
| whois.univ-lille1.fr | University of Sciences and Technologies of Lille – France C=FR | |
| whois.hknic.net.hk | HKNIC C=HK | |
| whois.registry.hm | HM Domain Registry C=HM | |
| whois.iisc.ernet.in | Indian Institute of Science C=IN | |
| whois.ncst.ernet.in | National Centre for Software Technology C=IN | |
| isgate.is | Association of Research Networks in Iceland C=IS | |
| isgate3.isnet.is | Internet a Islandi C=IS | |
| pgebrehiwot.iat.cnr.it | Nigerian TLD Registration Service C=NG | |
| dsa.nis.garr.it | GARR-NIS c/o CNR-CNUCE C=IT | |
| whois.nic.it | Italian Network Information Center C=IT | |
| whois.nic.mx | Network Information Center – Mexico C=MX | |
| whois.aist-nara.ac.jp | Nara Institute of Science and Technology C=JP | |
| whois-server.l.chiba-u.ac.jp | Chiba University C=JP | |
| whois.hiroshima-u.ac.jp | Hiroshima University C=JP | |
| gopher.educ.cc.keio.ac.jp | Science and Technology Computing Center, Keio University C=JP | |
| whois.cc.keio.ac.jp | Keio University C=JP | |
| whois.cc.uec.ac.jp | University of Electro-Communications C=JP | |
| whois.yamanashi.ac.jp | Yamanashi University C=JP | |
| whois.nic.ad.jp | Japan Network Information Center C=JP | |
| www.orions.ad.jp | Osaka Regional Information and Open Network Systems C=JP | |
| whois.domain.kg | Kyrgyzstan TLD C=KZ | |
| sorak.kaist.ac.kr | Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology C=KR | |
| whois.nic.or.kr | Korea Network Information Center C=KR | |
| whois.domain.kz | Kazahstan Domain Name Registry C=KZ | |
| whois.nic.li | SWITCH Swiss Academic and Research Network C=LI | |
| whois.nic.lk | Sri Lanka Domain Registry C=LK | |
| www.restena.lu | RESTENA C=LU | |
| whois.nic.mm | MM-NIC C=MM | |
| www.nic.mx | NIC-Mexico C=MX | |
| condor.dgsca.unam.mx | Univ. Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, D.G. de Servicios de Computo Academico C=MX | |
| domain-registry.nl | Stichting Internet Domeinregistratie Nederland C=NL | |
| whois.norid.no | UNINETT FAS (NORID) C=NO | |
| whois.nic.nu | .NU Domain Ltd C=NU | |
| whois.canterbury.ac.nz | University of Canterbury C=NZ | |
| directory.vuw.ac.nz | Victoria University, Wellington C=NZ | |
| waikato.ac.nz | Waikato University C=NZ | |
| whois.patho.gen.nz | PATHOGEN C=NZ | |
| whois.domainz.net.nz | Domainz — The New Zealand Internet Registry Ltd C=NZ |
|
| whois.rcp.net.pe | Red Cientifica Peruana C=PE | |
| whois.icm.edu.pl | Interdyscyplinarne Centrum Modelowania Matematycznego i Komputero C=PL | |
| whois.elka.pw.edu.pl | Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology C=PL | |
| whois.ia.pw.edu.pl | Institute of Automatic Control, Warsaw University of Technology C=PL | |
| whois.dns.pt | Fundacao para a Computacao Cientifica Nacional C=PT | |
| dsa.fccn.pt | Fundacao para a Computacao Cientifica Nacional C=PT | |
| chalmers.se | Chalmers University of Technology C=SE | |
| kth.se | Royal Institute of Technology C=SE | |
| whois.nic-se.se | Network Information Centre Sweden C=SE | |
| sics.se | Swedish Institute of Computer Science C=SE | |
| whois.nic.net.sg | Singapore Network Information Centre C=SG | |
| whois.nic.sh | NIC.SH Domain Registry C=SH | |
| whois.uakom.sk | SANET (WAN of Slovak academic institutions) C=SK | |
| whois.nic.st | Domain Council of Sao Tome and Principe C=ST | |
| whois.adamsnames.tc | AdamsNames (.GS, .MS, .TC, .TF, .VG) C=TC | |
| whois.nic.tj | TJ-NIC C=TJ | |
| whois.tonic.to | Tonic Domain Name Registry C=TO | |
| whois.metu.edu.tr | Middle East Technical University C=TR | |
| whois.seed.net.tw | Seednet C=TW | |
| whois.iii.org.tw | Institution for Information Industry C=TW | |
| src.doc.ic.ac.uk | Imperial College C=GB | |
| whois.lut.ac.uk | Loughborough University C=GB | |
| whois.nic.uk | Nominet UK (.UK Domain Registrar) C=GB | |
| dsa.shu.ac.uk | Sheffield Hallam University C=GB | |
| whois.state.ct.us | Department of Administrative Services, State of Connecticut C=US |
|
| info.cnri.reston.va.us | Corporation for National Research Initiatives, Knowbot interface C=US |
|
| whois.frd.ac.za | National Research Foundation C=ZA | |
| whois.und.ac.za | University of Natal (Durban) C=ZA | |
| whois.co.za | Foundation for Research Development C=ZA | |
The most common access approach involves separately querying each server of interest, via a direct tcp/whois connection. However, there are currently a number of active projects concerned with improved interfaces to these servers, either by more intelligent client software, or by standardization of the server behavior. Eventually, this should eliminate the need for end users to have the complete collection of server names; at this point, though, distributing the server list to individual Internet users is still worthwhile.
The procedure for accessing the whois servers will vary depending on your host’s operating system, and on what software is installed. On UNIX systems, the preferred method is
whois -h _server_name_ _name_of_person_
If there is no whois program, sometimes it will work to type
telnet _server_name_ 43
and then type the „name of person“ on a separate line. (The usefulness of this will vary depending on the details of the telnet client implementation installed on your system.)
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